The Cowardly Lion costume from the 1939 classic film The Wizard of Oz is an iconic piece of cinematic history. However, its creation and use on set reveal a darker side of Hollywood's Golden Age. This costume, worn by actor Bert Lahr, was made from real lion skin and fur, a fact that has sparked both fascination and controversy over the years. This comprehensive exploration delves into the details of the costume's construction, the challenges faced by Lahr, and the broader context of filmmaking practices in the 1930s.
Construction of the Costume
The Cowardly Lion costume was meticulously crafted to achieve a realistic appearance, essential for bringing the character to life on screen. According to multiple sources, including CinemaBlend and Looper, the costume was made from genuine lion skins and fur, combined with human hair for the mane. This choice was driven by the need for authenticity, as faux fur technology at the time was not advanced enough to create a convincing look.
The decision to use real lion fur was not without its complications. Each lion has a unique fur pattern, which meant that maintaining visual consistency throughout the film was challenging. To address this, the production team had to ensure that Lahr wore the same suit for most of the filming, with only one backup costume available. This backup was equally cumbersome and expensive, highlighting the lengths to which the filmmakers went to achieve the desired visual effect.
Challenges Faced by Bert Lahr
Wearing the Cowardly Lion costume was an arduous task for Bert Lahr. The suit weighed approximately 60 to 90 pounds, making it extremely heavy and difficult to maneuver in. The weight of the costume, combined with the intense heat from the studio lights, caused Lahr to sweat profusely, leading to the suit becoming damp and emitting a foul odor. This made the working conditions highly uncomfortable and unhygienic.
The mask of the costume presented additional challenges. It was glued directly to Lahr's face, restricting his ability to eat and drink normally. As a result, he had to consume his meals through a straw, further complicating his experience on set. The application of the mask was a time-consuming process, taking several hours each day, which added to the overall strain of wearing the costume.
Historical Context and Ethical Considerations
The use of real animal fur in the Cowardly Lion costume reflects the filmmaking practices and ethical standards of the 1930s. During this era, there were few regulations governing the treatment of animals and the working conditions of actors. The production of The Wizard of Oz was notorious for its hazardous and often inhumane practices. For instance, the Tin Man's costume, originally worn by Buddy Ebsen, caused severe health issues due to the use of toxic aluminum dust in the makeup, leading to Ebsen's hospitalization and replacement by Jack Haley.
Similarly, Judy Garland, who played Dorothy, faced significant mistreatment. She was subjected to a strict diet, forced to take medication to suppress her appetite, and made to smoke cigarettes to maintain a slim figure. These stories highlight the broader issues of exploitation and lack of safety in Hollywood during this period.
Legacy and Auction
Despite the challenges and ethical concerns, the Cowardly Lion costume remains a significant piece of film history. Its authenticity and the performance of Bert Lahr have left a lasting impact on audiences. The costume's cultural and historical value was underscored when it was sold at auction for over $3 million in 2014. This sale price reflects not only the costume's rarity but also its importance as a symbol of Hollywood's Golden Age.
Modern Perspectives
If The Wizard of Oz were made today, it is highly unlikely that real animal fur would be used for the Cowardly Lion costume. Advances in technology have made it possible to create realistic faux fur, and there is a greater awareness and sensitivity towards animal rights. Organizations like PETA would vehemently oppose the use of real animal skins, and modern audiences would likely find such practices unacceptable.
The story of the Cowardly Lion costume serves as a reminder of how far the film industry has come in terms of ethical standards and technological advancements. It also prompts reflection on the costs of creating movie magic and the importance of humane and safe practices in filmmaking.
Conclusion
The Cowardly Lion costume from The Wizard of Oz is a fascinating artifact that encapsulates the ingenuity and challenges of early Hollywood. Made from real lion skin and fur, it represents a bygone era of filmmaking where authenticity often came at a high cost. Bert Lahr's performance, despite the discomfort and difficulties he faced, remains a testament to his dedication and talent. As we look back on this iconic costume, it is essential to acknowledge both its historical significance and the progress made in ethical standards within the film industry.
